William Shakespeare is one of the greatest English-speaking playwrights in history. Over the span of 20 years, Shakespeare strategically wrote more than 30 plays and over 100 sonnets, most popularly “Romeo and Juliet”, “Hamlet”, and “Macbeth”. Not only is Shakespeare known for the quantity of shows he put on, but also the similar qualities between them all. Shakespeare’s use of complex innuendos and distinctive monologue is what still allows his work to not only be studied today but be compared with the hip-hop genre.
Despite the significant amount of time between Shakespeare’s death in 1616, and the true beginning of hip-hop in the early 1970s, there is a surprising correlation between the two. Kingslee Daley, better known as Akala, premiered in a 2011 TED Talk about these connections.
Akala previously worked with the Hip Hop Shakespeare Company to showcase a multitude of dramatic components and literary elements woven throughout these readings. Shakespeare introduces his use of iambic pentameter in most, if not all of his sonnets. Similarly, although less recognized, iambic pentameter is what keeps hip-hop listeners intrigued.
Iambic pentameter is a form of writing consisting of five sets and two beats. The reason this is such a common way of writing is because of its flexibility. A customary hip-hop beat is about 70-80 beats per minute. If you double that beat to 140 beats per minute and it still works. Akala displays the difference in beats with Shakespeare’s most popular poem, “Sonnet 18”.
Hip hop, the genre that classifies songwriters ranging from the Wu-Tang clan, who were most popular in the early 90s all the way to Kendrick Lamar, in 2012. While beginning in New York and spreading from there, nearly 55 years later, it’s become one of the most listened to genres across the globe. Hip hop was the primary genre that led to so many new kinds of music. From it, genres such as rap, rock, grime, etc. were born. But, Wu-Tang Clan is the common denominator that brought it all together.
Wu-Tang’s second album, Wu-Tang Forever was named No. 1 on Billboard 200 and certified 4x platinum. It was one of the first albums to incorporate all factions of music into one. “All of a sudden, kids who listened to Heavy Metal, kids who were into Blur and Oasis, everybody was united around this one sort of album,” said Akala.
As listeners can tell from this one album, hip-hop as a genre is often characterized with a bold and vibrant beat accompanied by a fast paced vocal track. It originated from a rather cultural background of those from a Black, Caribbean, and Latino descent and was built on five main pillars that are still reviewed today.
The five pillars of hip hop music consist of DJing (oral), MCing (vocal), breakdancing (physical), graffiti art (visual) and knowledge (mental). The fifth pillar, Knowledge, is Akala’s main conversation point. Knowledge is one of the most important elements of hip hop because it gives the ability to understand, analyze and imagine a deeper meaning. Akala leaves his audience to ponder the question, who is allowed to be a custodian of knowledge?
In the beginning of his demonstration, Akala reads his favorite quotes aloud and asks by a show of hands, whether it was written by Shakespeare or by a hip hop artist. First, “To destroy the beauty from which one came” by Jay-Z. Next, “Maybe it’s hatred I spew, maybe it’s food for the spirit” by Eminem. Finally, “Men would rather use their broken weapons than their bare hands” by Shakespere. While it may seem as such, the three artists listed above are not the only ones to appeal to the fifth element.So, to answer that question, according to globalnoise.wordpress.com, “Rather than the gatekeepers of knowledge being the elite, in the twenty-first century anyone can be a custodian of knowledge, including hip hop rappers.”